{"product_id":"civil-war-field-letter-signed-g-t-beauregard-1861","title":"Civil War: Field Letter Signed (“G. T. Beauregard”) 1861","description":"\u003cp\u003e1861 P.G.T. BEAUREGARD Confederate Battle Flag Letter to Gen Johnston CIVIL WAR AUTOGRAPH\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp data-start=\"2401\" data-end=\"2485\"\u003eHistoric Confederate Flag Design Discussion – Southern Cross Origins – Sept. 5, 1861\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"rmw5tv\" data-start=\"2487\" data-end=\"2501\"\u003eDescription\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp data-start=\"2503\" data-end=\"2719\"\u003eExceptional original Civil War autograph letter attributed to Confederate General P.G.T. Beauregard, written September 5, 1861 to General Joseph E. Johnston during the critical early months of the American Civil War.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp data-start=\"2721\" data-end=\"2874\"\u003eThis remarkable manuscript discusses proposed Confederate battle flag designs immediately following the Battle of First Manassas\/Bull Run and references:\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cul data-start=\"2876\" data-end=\"3085\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1ey6rwm\" data-start=\"2876\" data-end=\"2904\"\u003e\nbattlefield flag confusion\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1ba8nnz\" data-start=\"2905\" data-end=\"2939\"\u003e\nseparate “peace” and “war” flags\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1qgbrda\" data-start=\"2940\" data-end=\"2969\"\u003e\ndiagonal blue cross designs\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1d7w7bn\" data-start=\"2970\" data-end=\"2999\"\u003e\nstars placed upon the cross\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"an5afw\" data-start=\"3000\" data-end=\"3042\"\u003e\nConfederate Flag Committee deliberations\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"bllbku\" data-start=\"3043\" data-end=\"3085\"\u003e\ncommunication with William Porcher Miles\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003cp data-start=\"3087\" data-end=\"3200\"\u003eThe letter contains one of the clearest contemporary discussions of the emerging Confederate battle flag concept:\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cblockquote data-start=\"3202\" data-end=\"3283\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3204\" data-end=\"3283\"\u003e“…battle flags made of red, with two blue bars crossing each other diagonally…”\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/blockquote\u003e\u003cp data-start=\"3285\" data-end=\"3416\"\u003eThis language directly parallels the development of the Confederate Southern Cross battle flag later adopted by Confederate armies.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch3 data-section-id=\"1r8703y\" data-start=\"3418\" data-end=\"3443\"\u003eHistorical Importance\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003cp data-start=\"3444\" data-end=\"3504\"\u003eMuseum-level Confederate flag history artifact connected to:\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cul data-start=\"3505\" data-end=\"3620\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1pfozn7\" data-start=\"3505\" data-end=\"3529\"\u003e\nGen. P.G.T. Beauregard\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1xeygnj\" data-start=\"3530\" data-end=\"3555\"\u003e\nGen. Joseph E. Johnston\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"4ib1gc\" data-start=\"3556\" data-end=\"3579\"\u003e\nWilliam Porcher Miles\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"ol2kjf\" data-start=\"3580\" data-end=\"3620\"\u003e\norigins of the Confederate battle flag\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch3 data-section-id=\"1uef3h1\" data-start=\"3622\" data-end=\"3635\"\u003eCondition\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003cp data-start=\"3636\" data-end=\"3769\"\u003eOriginal period folds, light edge wear, minor toning, and age-related handling wear. Strong legibility and excellent display quality.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch3 data-section-id=\"1a8qj0\" data-start=\"3771\" data-end=\"3791\"\u003eCollector Appeal\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003cp data-start=\"3792\" data-end=\"3837\"\u003eAn elite Confederate manuscript suitable for:\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cul data-start=\"3838\" data-end=\"3965\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"125tn5a\" data-start=\"3838\" data-end=\"3870\"\u003e\nadvanced Civil War collections\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1g13eh4\" data-start=\"3871\" data-end=\"3900\"\u003e\nConfederate flag historians\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"rsdfvl\" data-start=\"3901\" data-end=\"3927\"\u003e\nmuseums and institutions\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1bu9iko\" data-start=\"3928\" data-end=\"3965\"\u003e\nautograph and manuscript collectors\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp data-start=\"3967\" data-end=\"4070\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\"\u003eRarely do surviving Confederate letters document the actual design evolution of the battle flag itself.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"relative basis-auto flex-col -mb-(--composer-overlap-px) pb-(--composer-overlap-px) [--composer-overlap-px:28px] grow flex\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"flex flex-col text-sm\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"qMYqUG_convSearchResultHighlightRoot\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-WEB:1b52ef98-fbd7-4452-a477-fd33be894fcc-0\" data-is-intersecting=\"true\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"relative w-full overflow-visible\"\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none [\u0026amp;:has([data-writing-block])\u0026gt;*]:pointer-events-auto R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"request-WEB:1b52ef98-fbd7-4452-a477-fd33be894fcc-0\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-WEB:1b52ef98-fbd7-4452-a477-fd33be894fcc-0\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-2\" data-scroll-anchor=\"false\" data-turn=\"assistant\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col gap-4 grow\"\u003e\u003cdiv data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"847f1a00-c67a-4b83-a3bc-7fc8944310ef\" dir=\"auto\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-5\" class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal outline-none keyboard-focused:focus-ring [.text-message+\u0026amp;]:mt-1\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert wrap-break-word w-full light markdown-new-styling\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"4154\" data-end=\"4313\"\u003eThis historically important manuscript discusses proposed Confederate battle flag designs during the earliest months of the Civil War, including references to:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"4315\" data-end=\"4466\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"vcfjw\" data-start=\"4315\" data-end=\"4331\"\u003e“battle flags”\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1sa72hk\" data-start=\"4332\" data-end=\"4351\"\u003ered field designs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1sycr7d\" data-start=\"4352\" data-end=\"4375\"\u003ediagonal blue crosses\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1bioj8v\" data-start=\"4376\" data-end=\"4396\"\u003eplacement of stars\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"qgfye9\" data-start=\"4397\" data-end=\"4434\"\u003ebattlefield identification concerns\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"vvkec8\" data-start=\"4435\" data-end=\"4466\"\u003ewhite\/yellow\/gold fringe trim\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"4468\" data-end=\"4662\"\u003eThe letter appears connected to the Confederate Flag Committee debates and may reference William Porcher Miles, one of the most influential figures in development of the Confederate battle flag.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"4664\" data-end=\"4699\"\u003eKey excerpt includes discussion of:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote data-start=\"4701\" data-end=\"4782\"\u003e\u003cp data-start=\"4703\" data-end=\"4782\"\u003e“…battle flags made of red, with two blue bars crossing each other diagonally…”\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"4784\" data-end=\"4919\"\u003eThis is an exceptional and highly displayable Confederate manuscript relating directly to the evolution of the Confederate battle flag.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-section-id=\"1dr5t50\" data-start=\"4921\" data-end=\"4932\"\u003eDetails\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"4933\" data-end=\"5214\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"jarw66\" data-start=\"4933\" data-end=\"4967\"\u003eOriginal autograph letter signed\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"ovoom6\" data-start=\"4968\" data-end=\"4993\"\u003eDate: September 5, 1861\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"n31zyj\" data-start=\"4994\" data-end=\"5032\"\u003eAuthor: Brig. Gen. Samuel T. Benning\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1ofqt1q\" data-start=\"5033\" data-end=\"5069\"\u003eRecipient: Gen. Joseph E. Johnston\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1fw1zov\" data-start=\"5070\" data-end=\"5104\"\u003eCivil War Confederate manuscript\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1xn1at3\" data-start=\"5105\" data-end=\"5129\"\u003eInk on laid\/wove paper\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1b4bmv4\" data-start=\"5130\" data-end=\"5146\"\u003eApprox. 1 page\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"13urpu6\" data-start=\"5147\" data-end=\"5174\"\u003eStrong historical content\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"i7bg36\" data-start=\"5175\" data-end=\"5214\"\u003eGuaranteed original period manuscript\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-section-id=\"1uef3h1\" data-start=\"5216\" data-end=\"5229\"\u003eCondition\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"5230\" data-end=\"5371\"\u003eVery good antique condition with expected folds, edge wear, minor toning, and age-related handling wear. Ink remains dark and highly legible.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-section-id=\"1r8703y\" data-start=\"5373\" data-end=\"5398\"\u003eHistorical Importance\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"5399\" data-end=\"5485\"\u003eMuseum-quality Confederate flag history artifact with significant crossover appeal to:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"5486\" data-end=\"5606\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"5hx0px\" data-start=\"5486\" data-end=\"5508\"\u003eCivil War collectors\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1eg4e9u\" data-start=\"5509\" data-end=\"5544\"\u003eConfederate manuscript collectors\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"ehjcnp\" data-start=\"5545\" data-end=\"5574\"\u003evexillology\/flag historians\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1f3yd02\" data-start=\"5575\" data-end=\"5606\"\u003emilitary history institutions\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"5608\" data-end=\"5709\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\"\u003eA rare opportunity to acquire a documented early Confederate battle flag discussion letter from 1861.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"z-0 flex min-h-[46px] justify-start\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-testid=\"bazaar-slot-visibility-timeout\" data-test-id=\"bazaar-slot-visibility-timeout\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/section\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"contents\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"\" data-turn-id-container=\"6f4a377c-4276-4d79-b3da-782eeebe269f\" data-is-intersecting=\"true\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"relative w-full overflow-visible\"\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none [\u0026amp;:has([data-writing-block])\u0026gt;*]:pointer-events-auto R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-(--header-height)\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"6f4a377c-4276-4d79-b3da-782eeebe269f\" data-turn-id-container=\"6f4a377c-4276-4d79-b3da-782eeebe269f\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-3\" data-scroll-anchor=\"false\" data-turn=\"user\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pt-12 [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col gap-4 grow\"\u003e\u003cdiv data-message-author-role=\"user\" data-message-id=\"6f4a377c-4276-4d79-b3da-782eeebe269f\" dir=\"auto\" class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal outline-none keyboard-focused:focus-ring [.text-message+\u0026amp;]:mt-1\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden items-end rtl:items-start\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"flex flex-col w-fit max-w-(--user-chat-width,70%) items-start self-end rtl:items-end rtl:self-start\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"user-message-bubble-color corner-superellipse\/0.98 relative min-w-0 overflow-hidden rounded-[22px] px-4 py-2.5 leading-6 w-full\"\u003e\u003cdiv data-custom-highlighting-behavior=\"boundary\" class=\"A_HxFq_root\" data-testid=\"collapsible-user-message-root\"\u003e\n\u003cinput id=\"_r_5t_\" aria-controls=\"_r_5s_\" class=\"A_HxFq_toggleCheckbox\" data-testid=\"collapsible-user-message-toggle-checkbox\" type=\"checkbox\"\u003e\u003cdiv id=\"_r_5s_\" data-testid=\"collapsible-user-message-content\" class=\"A_HxFq_content\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"max-w-full min-w-0 [overflow-wrap:anywhere] whitespace-pre-wrap\"\u003efrom grn beauregard\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"z-0 flex justify-end\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/section\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"contents\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-WEB:1b52ef98-fbd7-4452-a477-fd33be894fcc-1\" data-is-intersecting=\"true\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"relative w-full overflow-visible\"\u003e\u003csection class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none [\u0026amp;:has([data-writing-block])\u0026gt;*]:pointer-events-auto R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"request-WEB:1b52ef98-fbd7-4452-a477-fd33be894fcc-1\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-WEB:1b52ef98-fbd7-4452-a477-fd33be894fcc-1\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-4\" data-scroll-anchor=\"false\" data-turn=\"assistant\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-10 [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col gap-4 grow\"\u003e\u003cdiv data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"091de8ff-d81c-43d7-b331-420b174b64e0\" dir=\"auto\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-5\" class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal outline-none keyboard-focused:focus-ring [.text-message+\u0026amp;]:mt-1\" data-turn-start-message=\"true\" tabindex=\"0\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert wrap-break-word w-full light markdown-new-styling\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"145\"\u003eIf this letter is actually \u003cstrong data-start=\"27\" data-end=\"93\"\u003efrom General P. G. T. Beauregard rather than Samuel T. Benning\u003c\/strong\u003e, the historical importance increases substantially.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"147\" data-end=\"539\"\u003eThe signature at first glance does resemble “S. T. Benning Genl,” but the content itself is very strongly associated with \u003cspan class=\"hover:entity-accent entity-underline inline cursor-pointer align-baseline\"\u003eP. G. T. Beauregard\u003c\/span\u003e and the Confederate battle flag controversy of 1861. Beauregard was one of the principal advocates for adopting a distinct Confederate battle flag because of confusion between Confederate and Union national colors at First Manassas.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"541\" data-end=\"574\"\u003eThe references in your letter to:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"575\" data-end=\"715\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"c5f6zq\" data-start=\"575\" data-end=\"599\"\u003ebattlefield confusion,\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1wqkjgj\" data-start=\"600\" data-end=\"635\"\u003eseparate “peace” and “war” flags,\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"ckbaid\" data-start=\"636\" data-end=\"660\"\u003ediagonal blue crosses,\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1vcyfk5\" data-start=\"661\" data-end=\"682\"\u003estars on the cross,\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"lznila\" data-start=\"683\" data-end=\"715\"\u003eand communication with “Miles”\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"717\" data-end=\"764\"\u003eall fit Beauregard extremely well historically.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"766\" data-end=\"878\"\u003eWilliam Porcher Miles famously proposed the diagonal cross design that evolved into the Confederate battle flag.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"bqvnip\" data-start=\"880\" data-end=\"908\"\u003eIf Authored by Beauregard\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"910\" data-end=\"935\"\u003eValue rises dramatically.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-section-id=\"1d9kq67\" data-start=\"937\" data-end=\"956\"\u003eEstimated Value\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"957\" data-end=\"1007\"\u003eAssuming authentic and attributable to Beauregard:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"1009\" data-end=\"1179\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1l0m88h\" data-start=\"1009\" data-end=\"1045\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"1011\" data-end=\"1045\"\u003e$10,000–25,000+ retail\/auction\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"x3sp0r\" data-start=\"1046\" data-end=\"1179\"\u003ePossibly higher with:\u003cul data-start=\"1072\" data-end=\"1179\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1hxf71\" data-start=\"1072\" data-end=\"1100\"\u003eprofessional transcription\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"gqcdm0\" data-start=\"1103\" data-end=\"1119\"\u003eauthentication\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1b0ltwp\" data-start=\"1122\" data-end=\"1179\"\u003epublication or citation in Confederate flag scholarship\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1181\" data-end=\"1309\"\u003eA Beauregard letter directly discussing early Confederate battle flag development is elite-tier Confederate manuscript material.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"1224e1i\" data-start=\"1311\" data-end=\"1328\"\u003eWhy It Matters\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1330\" data-end=\"1354\"\u003eBeauregard was arguably:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"1355\" data-end=\"1573\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"134tmqx\" data-start=\"1355\" data-end=\"1453\"\u003ethe single loudest military advocate for a distinctive battle flag after First Bull Run\/Manassas\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1cdl7gs\" data-start=\"1454\" data-end=\"1513\"\u003edirectly connected to Johnston and Miles in these debates\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"19xqqq3\" data-start=\"1514\" data-end=\"1573\"\u003ecentral to the adoption of the Southern Cross battle flag\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1575\" data-end=\"1652\"\u003eThis letter appears to describe the conceptual transition toward that emblem.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"14ipg2g\" data-start=\"1654\" data-end=\"1672\"\u003eSignature Issue\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1674\" data-end=\"1709\"\u003eThe signature is difficult because:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"1710\" data-end=\"1910\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"kuv3xc\" data-start=\"1710\" data-end=\"1821\"\u003eBeauregard often abbreviated as:\u003cul data-start=\"1747\" data-end=\"1821\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"kci9ou\" data-start=\"1747\" data-end=\"1767\"\u003e“G. T. Beauregard”\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1ac1vf4\" data-start=\"1770\" data-end=\"1793\"\u003e“P. G. T. Beauregard”\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"18rrqry\" data-start=\"1796\" data-end=\"1821\"\u003e“G. T. Beauregard Genl”\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"5doaml\" data-start=\"1822\" data-end=\"1910\"\u003eyour signature visually could potentially read:\u003cul data-start=\"1874\" data-end=\"1910\"\u003e\u003cli data-section-id=\"pwydia\" data-start=\"1874\" data-end=\"1910\"\u003e“G. T. Beaureg…” in hurried script\u003c\/li\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1912\" data-end=\"1975\"\u003eBut it does not cleanly read “Beauregard” from the image alone.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1977\" data-end=\"2004\"\u003eI would strongly recommend:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"2005\" data-end=\"2133\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1upn8rn\" data-start=\"2005\" data-end=\"2045\"\u003ehigh-resolution scan of signature only\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1p1fg4i\" data-start=\"2046\" data-end=\"2074\"\u003eUV\/contrast-enhanced image\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1pxdq6m\" data-start=\"2075\" data-end=\"2133\"\u003ecomparison against authenticated Beauregard ALS examples\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2135\" data-end=\"2230\"\u003eBecause if authenticated as Beauregard, this becomes a major Confederate flag-history document.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 data-section-id=\"lo4i2m\" data-start=\"2232\" data-end=\"2287\"\u003eRevised Premium eBay Listing (Beauregard Attribution)\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"xlfup1\" data-start=\"2289\" data-end=\"2297\"\u003eTitle\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2298\" data-end=\"2387\"\u003e1861 P.G.T. BEAUREGARD Confederate Battle Flag Letter to Gen Johnston CIVIL WAR AUTOGRAPH\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"1yyrq4h\" data-start=\"2389\" data-end=\"2400\"\u003eSubtitle\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2401\" data-end=\"2485\"\u003eHistoric Confederate Flag Design Discussion – Southern Cross Origins – Sept. 5, 1861\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"rmw5tv\" data-start=\"2487\" data-end=\"2501\"\u003eDescription\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2503\" data-end=\"2719\"\u003eExceptional original Civil War autograph letter attributed to Confederate General P.G.T. Beauregard, written September 5, 1861 to General Joseph E. Johnston during the critical early months of the American Civil War.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2721\" data-end=\"2874\"\u003eThis remarkable manuscript discusses proposed Confederate battle flag designs immediately following the Battle of First Manassas\/Bull Run and references:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"2876\" data-end=\"3085\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1ey6rwm\" data-start=\"2876\" data-end=\"2904\"\u003ebattlefield flag confusion\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1ba8nnz\" data-start=\"2905\" data-end=\"2939\"\u003eseparate “peace” and “war” flags\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1qgbrda\" data-start=\"2940\" data-end=\"2969\"\u003ediagonal blue cross designs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1d7w7bn\" data-start=\"2970\" data-end=\"2999\"\u003estars placed upon the cross\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"an5afw\" data-start=\"3000\" data-end=\"3042\"\u003eConfederate Flag Committee deliberations\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"bllbku\" data-start=\"3043\" data-end=\"3085\"\u003ecommunication with William Porcher Miles\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3087\" data-end=\"3200\"\u003eThe letter contains one of the clearest contemporary discussions of the emerging Confederate battle flag concept:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote data-start=\"3202\" data-end=\"3283\"\u003e\u003cp data-start=\"3204\" data-end=\"3283\"\u003e“…battle flags made of red, with two blue bars crossing each other diagonally…”\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3285\" data-end=\"3416\"\u003eThis language directly parallels the development of the Confederate Southern Cross battle flag later adopted by Confederate armies.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-section-id=\"1r8703y\" data-start=\"3418\" data-end=\"3443\"\u003eHistorical Importance\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3444\" data-end=\"3504\"\u003eMuseum-level Confederate flag history artifact connected to:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"3505\" data-end=\"3620\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1pfozn7\" data-start=\"3505\" data-end=\"3529\"\u003eGen. P.G.T. Beauregard\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1xeygnj\" data-start=\"3530\" data-end=\"3555\"\u003eGen. Joseph E. Johnston\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"4ib1gc\" data-start=\"3556\" data-end=\"3579\"\u003eWilliam Porcher Miles\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"ol2kjf\" data-start=\"3580\" data-end=\"3620\"\u003eorigins of the Confederate battle flag\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-section-id=\"1uef3h1\" data-start=\"3622\" data-end=\"3635\"\u003eCondition\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3636\" data-end=\"3769\"\u003eOriginal period folds, light edge wear, minor toning, and age-related handling wear. Strong legibility and excellent display quality.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-section-id=\"1a8qj0\" data-start=\"3771\" data-end=\"3791\"\u003eCollector Appeal\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3792\" data-end=\"3837\"\u003eAn elite Confederate manuscript suitable for:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"3838\" data-end=\"3965\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"125tn5a\" data-start=\"3838\" data-end=\"3870\"\u003eadvanced Civil War collections\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1g13eh4\" data-start=\"3871\" data-end=\"3900\"\u003eConfederate flag historians\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"rsdfvl\" data-start=\"3901\" data-end=\"3927\"\u003emuseums and institutions\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1bu9iko\" data-start=\"3928\" data-end=\"3965\"\u003eautograph and manuscript collectors\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3967\" data-end=\"4070\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\"\u003eRarely do surviving Confederate letters document the actual design evolution of the battle flag itself.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1331\" data-end=\"1353\"\u003eThe letter references:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"1354\" data-end=\"1496\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"15ec54p\" data-start=\"1354\" data-end=\"1376\"\u003e\nthe “Flag Committee”\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"eu6tz2\" data-start=\"1377\" data-end=\"1426\"\u003e\ndissatisfaction with existing Confederate flags\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"o1mjey\" data-start=\"1427\" data-end=\"1450\"\u003e\nbattlefield confusion\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1r7rua8\" data-start=\"1451\" data-end=\"1496\"\u003e\na desire for a more distinctive combat flag\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1498\" data-end=\"1592\"\u003eThose are central issues that led to adoption of the Southern Cross battle flag later in 1861.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"1aea96x\" data-start=\"1594\" data-end=\"1632\"\u003eApproximate Transcription (partial)\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cblockquote data-start=\"1634\" data-end=\"2017\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1636\" data-end=\"2017\"\u003e“Colonel Miles informs me that the Flag Committee voted down any change of our flag by a vote of 10 to 7...\u003cbr data-start=\"1743\" data-end=\"1746\"\u003e\n...we would have two flags — a peace or parade flag and a war flag, to be used only on the field of battle...\u003cbr data-start=\"1857\" data-end=\"1860\"\u003e\n...for a supply of regimental war or battle flags made of red, with two blue bars crossing each other diagonally on which shall be introduced the stars...”\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2019\" data-end=\"2053\"\u003eThis is strong historical content.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"1f1qbhq\" data-start=\"2055\" data-end=\"2081\"\u003eAuthenticity Indicators\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2083\" data-end=\"2099\"\u003eFrom the images:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"2100\" data-end=\"2334\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1blglug\" data-start=\"2100\" data-end=\"2134\"\u003e\ncorrect iron gall ink appearance\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1rbh8ye\" data-start=\"2135\" data-end=\"2183\"\u003e\nnatural Civil War paper aging and fold pattern\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1kyvke0\" data-start=\"2184\" data-end=\"2220\"\u003e\nperiod handwriting characteristics\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"fffbl1\" data-start=\"2221\" data-end=\"2258\"\u003e\nappropriate military address format\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1uvlfhq\" data-start=\"2259\" data-end=\"2286\"\u003e\nconvincing signature flow\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"tuw39b\" data-start=\"2287\" data-end=\"2334\"\u003e\nno obvious signs of lithographic reproduction\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"hrykuu\" data-start=\"2376\" data-end=\"2388\"\u003eCondition\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2390\" data-end=\"2408\"\u003eCondition appears:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"2409\" data-end=\"2528\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"15ag8m4\" data-start=\"2409\" data-end=\"2428\"\u003e\nVery Good overall\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"11kzrxk\" data-start=\"2429\" data-end=\"2440\"\u003e\nfold wear\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1kj8d6f\" data-start=\"2441\" data-end=\"2463\"\u003e\nedge chipping at top\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1di8an8\" data-start=\"2464\" data-end=\"2487\"\u003e\nminor staining\/toning\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1b8yhkv\" data-start=\"2488\" data-end=\"2507\"\u003e\nstrong legibility\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"69p7id\" data-start=\"2508\" data-end=\"2528\"\u003e\ncomplete signature\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3967\" data-end=\"4070\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\"\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2530\" data-end=\"2555\"\u003eNo severe losses visible.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2530\" data-end=\"2555\"\u003eLocbk1\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3967\" data-end=\"4070\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/section\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"My Store","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44600947212366,"sku":"EB-327117976276","price":14600.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0768\/8155\/9630\/files\/57_592168c6-9398-4a76-9ca0-946b884ebb7f.jpg?v=1792408902","url":"https:\/\/thearchiveauthority.com\/products\/civil-war-field-letter-signed-g-t-beauregard-1861","provider":"The Archive Authority","version":"1.0","type":"link"}